Concrete embedded parts are connecting components placed in the structure in advance before concrete pouring. Here is a detailed explanation:
I. Function
The main function of embedded parts is to provide connection or fixation points for subsequent installation and construction, making the entire process more convenient and safe. They are commonly used for the connection, support, and fixation of prefabricated concrete structures, enhancing the connectivity of concrete and securing pipelines and other components.
II. Types
1. Steel plate embedded parts: Consisting of a steel plate with multiple anchor bars or bolts, the steel plate is usually welded with bolts or reinforcing steel. After being embedded in the concrete structure, it is used for later steel structure welding or equipment installation.
2. Angle steel embedded parts: Composed of angle steel and anchor bars, they are mainly used for parts that require angular fixation, such as handrails and railings.
3. C-channel embedded parts: Similar to channel steel, these are embedded parts formed through grooving and are commonly used in curtain wall systems to facilitate the installation of curtain wall hangers.
4. U-channel embedded parts: Used in combination with bolts or anchor bars, U-channels provide flexible installation and adjustment space, suitable for irregularly shaped building components.
5. Anchor bolt embedded parts: Consisting of bolts and anchor bars, they are commonly used for equipment foundations or other parts that require high-strength connections.
6. Chemical anchor bolts: These are embedded parts where bolts are fixed in concrete through chemical anchoring agents and are commonly used in situations where supplementary installation is required later.
In addition, based on the installation method, embedded parts can be divided into slot-type embedded parts and post-installed embedded parts. Slot-type embedded parts are reliably installed without damaging the concrete and reinforcing steel, making them suitable for components with high crack resistance requirements. Post-installed embedded parts, on the other hand, are fixed using chemical anchor bolts, which can damage the concrete and affect its waterproof performance, limiting their range of application.
III. Materials
The materials for embedded parts are generally carbon steel or stainless steel. Different anti-corrosion treatments can be selected based on the usage environment:
1. Carbon steel: A common material suitable for general building structures, it can be galvanized, sprayed, or treated with other anti-corrosion methods.
2. Stainless steel: Suitable for highly corrosive environments such as chemical plants and coastal buildings, it has stronger corrosion resistance and a longer service life.
3. Alloy steel: Used for special structures or applications requiring high strength, it has better mechanical properties.
In addition, embedded parts are sometimes made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials such as fiber-reinforced plastic.
IV. Characteristics
1. Strong load-bearing capacity: Embedded parts are often made of high-strength materials such as high-quality steel and fiber-reinforced plastic, capable of withstanding significant loads.
2. Convenient construction: Embedded parts are installed before the concrete components are made, eliminating the need for special operating tools and techniques. This simplifies subsequent construction processes, reduces on-site welding or drilling work, and improves construction efficiency.
3. Flexible adjustment: Some embedded parts (such as slot-type embedded parts) have slots at a certain distance from the edge of the concrete structure, allowing for flexible adjustment of the installation position and effectively solving the problem of force points in suspension systems.
4. Rich design specifications: Embedded parts have different design specifications in different application fields, such as bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, and steel structure engineering, and can be customized according to specific situations.
5. Good corrosion resistance: Embedded parts are commonly made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic, or are treated with galvanization, spraying, or other anti-corrosion methods, providing good corrosion resistance.
V. Applications
Embedded parts are widely used in various fields such as construction and transportation. Specifically, they have the following applications:
1. Prefabricated concrete beams: Embedded bolts, steel plates, and other embedded parts are commonly used in the fabrication of prefabricated concrete beams, significantly enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the beams and improving the stability of the overall structure.
2. Bridge engineering: The use of embedded parts can accelerate project progress, reduce construction difficulty, and improve the load-bearing capacity and stability of bridges.
3. Tunnel engineering: Embedded parts can serve as support structures for signal brackets and cable troughs, with good corrosion resistance and load-bearing capacity.
4. Steel structure engineering: In steel structure frames, embedded parts can be used to strengthen the connections between components, improving overall stability.
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